How to Post a Document with Reference in SAP

Enter Transaction code FB50 in the SAP command Field

In the next screen, Select Goto-> Post with Reference from the SAP Standard Menu Bar 

In the next screen , Enter the Following

1. Enter the Reference Document Number
2. Enter the Company Code the Document was posted
3. Enter the Fiscal Year in Which it was posted
4. Press Enter 

How to Define Document Type and Number Range in SAP FICO

Enter Transaction Code SPRO in SAP Command Field

In the next screen, Select 'SAP Reference IMG'

In the next screen "Display IMG'  Follow the menu path

Financial Accounting -> General Ledger Accounting -> Business Transactions -> G/L Account Posting -> Carry out and Check Document Settings ->Define Document Types

In the next screen, Press 'New Entries' Button from the Application Toolbar

For Maintaining New Document Type

In the next screen, Enter the Following

1. Enter a unique Document Type Key
2. Enter the Document Type description
3. Select a number range for the Document Type
4. In Account Type Allowed Section , select the Account type which you would like to do posting
5. Enter Appropriate Selection in the Control Data Section 

How to Assign Field Status Variant to Company Code

Enter the Transaction code SPRO in the SAP Command Field and Press Enter

In the next screen Select SAP reference IMG

In next screen-"Display IMG"  navigate the following menu path :

SAP Customizing Implementation Guide -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger Accounting ->Business Transactions -> G/L Account Posting ->   Make and Check Document Settings ->Assign Company Code to  Field Status Variant

How to Define Posting Period Variant

Enter the Transaction code SPRO in the SAP Command Field and Press Enter

In the next screen Select SAP reference IMG

In next screen-"Display IMG"  navigate the following menu path :

SAP Customizing Implementation Guide -> Financial Accounting -> Financial Accounting Global Settings->Document -> Posting Periods -> Define Variants for Open Posting Periods

In the next screen, Press 'New Entries' button

How to Open and Close Periods in Posting Period Variant

Enter the Transaction Code S_ALR_87003642 in the SAP Command Field

In the next screen, Position the Variant you want to maintain and account type for which you want to open or close the periods.

Change the period , with following steps

1. Select Posting Period Variant
2. Select Account Type
3. Enter the Account number range for which you want to change the periods
4. Enter the Period to Open as per the Fiscal Year Variant of the Company Code assigned to the Posting Period Variant.
5. Enter the Period to which posting to be Open
6. Enter Any Special Period you want to Open 

All Other periods will remain close for posting for the Account range mentioned

How to assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year Variant

Enter the Transaction code SPRO in the SAP Command Field and Press Enter

In the next screen Select SAP reference IMG

In next screen-"Display IMG"  navigate the following menu path :

SAP Customizing Implementation Guide -> Financial Accounting -> Financial Accounting Global Settings->Fiscal Years -> Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year Variant

In the next screen , Assign Company code  in the list with the corresponding Fiscal  Year  Variant